Computational geological approaches for assessing the diversity and ecological distribution of fossils

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2009-01-01
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Brooks, Bjorn-gustaf
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Cinzia Cervato
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Geological and Atmospheric Sciences

The Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences offers majors in three areas: Geology (traditional, environmental, or hydrogeology, for work as a surveyor or in mineral exploration), Meteorology (studies in global atmosphere, weather technology, and modeling for work as a meteorologist), and Earth Sciences (interdisciplinary mixture of geology, meteorology, and other natural sciences, with option of teacher-licensure).

History
The Department of Geology and Mining was founded in 1898. In 1902 its name changed to the Department of Geology. In 1965 its name changed to the Department of Earth Science. In 1977 its name changed to the Department of Earth Sciences. In 1989 its name changed to the Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences.

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1898-present

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  • Department of Geology and Mining (1898-1902)
  • Department of Geology (1902-1965)
  • Department of Earth Science (1965-1977)
  • Department of Earth Sciences (1977-1989)

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Geological and Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Recent papers have focused attention on a 62-million-year cycle in marine animal diversity over the Phanerozoic (the most recent 542 million years), leading some to propose extragalactic causes. These studies were based on the same or similar queries of Phanerozoic biodiversity from J. John Sepkoski's Compendium. Here we show, using two collections extracted from the larger and more extensively annotated Paleobiology Database, that the 62 Myr cycle in marine biodiversity is present but only weakly significant in each collection and is almost entirely the result of oscillations in the diversity of gastropods, bivalves, and articulate brachiopods (GBA). A 62 Myr cycle also appears in the diversity of genera from nearshore marine environments but not from genera from offshore environments. Another previously recognized 140 Myr cyclicity is persistent in most phylogenetic classes. We also find that the growth in marine diversity during the most recent 100 million years in the Paleobiology Database is no more than one-half that of the Sepkoski Compendium.

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Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2009