The Neely-Kinyon LTAR site was established in 1998 to study the long-term effects of organic production in Iowa. Treatments at the LTAR site, replicated four times in a completely random design, include the following rotations: conventional Corn-Soybean (C-S), organic Corn-Soybean-Oats/Alfalfa (C-S-O/A), organic Corn-Soybean-Oats/Alfalfa-Alfalfa (C-S-O/AA), and Soybean-Wheat (S-W). Variety selection and planting methods were as follows: Pioneer 34M94 corn was planted at a depth of 1.75 in. as untreated seed at a rate of 32,000 seeds/acre in the organic plots and as treated seed at a rate of 30,000 seeds/acre in conventional plots, on May 23, 2003.