Several recent outbreaks of an apparently new disease of monkeys have been reported in the United States. The disease occurred in the rhesus (Macaca mulata) monkeys in Oregon, Texas, and California, all of which were Asian imports obtained from the same distributor. In Oregon, the disease spread to the following species: Macaca fuscata, Macaca nemestrian, and Cynopithecus niger. Five animal caretakers were infected through proliferative epidermal lesions