Historically, pharmacological immobilization can be traced back to cenain tribes from South America who used curare-coated arrows in their quest for food. Though this method was effective and curare derivatives were used for many years, an effon began in 1958 by rangers in South Africa to develop new and hopefully more efficacious methods to immobilize animals for research.! Since that time, great strides have been made in developing new drugs and techniques for delivery of these drugs. It is the purpose of this paper to consolidate and review the latest developments in animal immobilization.