The purpose of this study was to compare the parenting practices and attitudes of the parents of adopted children with parenting practices and attitudes of parents for whom children are solely biologically related. The data were obtained from the National Survey of Families and Households, a national survey consisting of a probability sample of 13,017 respondents;Four different dependent variables were examined: reported parental role performance, reported parental expectations of their children, and reported parental one-on-one behavior with their children, and reported problems with children in the household. Adoption was always the independent variable. Three ordinary least squares regression equations were calculated using adoption to predict the three dependent continuous variables. Logistic regression was used to predict problems with children in the household. Control variables, including self-esteem, socioeconomic status, age, sex, and race of the respondent, whether or not the household was couple-headed and the presence of three age groups of children, were tested in all the models. The robustness of the findings was ascertained using three separate samples of 300 nonadoptive families from a pool of 5,066 nonadoptive families in the entire survey;Differences were found between the reported role performance of adoptive and nonadoptive parents. Also significant were the reports of problems with children between the two sets of respondents. No differences were found in the amount of reported one-on-one time spent with children between adoptive and nonadoptive parents or between adoptive and nonadoptive parents in the expectations each reported for their children;Applications for the field of family therapy are presented in the clinical implications.