Behavior and survival of nesting wild turkeys in southern Iowa

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Date
1997
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Hubbard, Michael
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Erwin E. Klaas
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Animal Ecology
Abstract

I studied the population dynamics of an established flock of eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in south-central Iowa. I also evaluated the influence of various field methods and marking techniques on wild turkey growth and survival. I conducted a laboratory experiment to examine the effect of transmitter attachment techniques on the growth of turkey poults. Surgically implanted transmitters affected wing growth less than backpack harnesses and are recommended for attaching transmitters to wild turkey poults. I also conducted an analysis evaluating various estimates of wild turkey poult survival. Survival estimates obtained from the flush count method for poults 0-4 weeks of age were found to be comparable to those obtained by radio telemetry. The influence of age, capture technique, and behavior on survival was also examined. Capture technique did not affect hen survival. Adult hens had significantly different survival among seasons across years. However, when survival was evaluated on the basis of individual hen nesting behavior, no difference was detected. I studied the influence of movements, dispersal distances, home range size, and characteristics of vegetation at the nest site on nest success. I failed to identify any significant relationships between the probability of nest success and any of the variables evaluated. Habitat selection has been studied extensively for wildlife populations, but generally from a population level without regard to an individual's familiarity or access to a habitat. I used detailed movement information to evaluate habitat selection at an individual level and then identified structural habitat characteristics common across areas used by individuals, given that some individuals had knowledge of more than 1 area that was structurally similar. I found that adult hens with broods occupied areas that were structurally different from other areas visited prior to incubation.

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Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1997