
Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Publications
Campus Units
Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Published Version
Publication Date
2016
Journal or Book Title
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Volume
2016
First Page
4159258
DOI
10.1155/2016/4159258
Abstract
During the last decade, the global biofuels industry has experienced exponential growth. By-products such as high protein corn gluten meal (CGM) and high fibre distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) have grown in parallel. CGM has been shown to be suitable as a biopolymer; the high fibre content of DDGS reduces its effectiveness, although it is considerably cheaper. In this study, the processing behaviour of CGM and DDGS blends was evaluated and resulting extrudate properties were determined. Prior to processing, urea was used as a denaturant. DDGS : CGM ratios of 0, 33, 50, 66, and 100% were processed in a single screw extruder, which solely used dissipative heating. Blends containing DDGS were less uniformly consolidated and resulted in more dissipative heating. Blends showed multiple glass transitions, which is characteristic of mechanically compatible blends. Transmission electron microscopy revealed phase separation on a microscale, although distinct CGM or DDGS phases could not be identified. On a macroscale, optical microscopy suggested that CGM-rich blends were better consolidated, supported by visual observations of a more continuous extrudate formed during extrusion. Future work should aim to also characterize the mechanical properties of these blends to assess their suitability as either bioplastic feedstock or pelletized livestock feed.
Access
Open
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Copyright Owner
C. J. R. Verbeek and Kurt A. Rosentrater
Copyright Date
2016
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Recommended Citation
Verbeek, C. J. R. and Rosentrater, Kurt A., "Extrudability and Consolidation of Blends between CGM and DDGS" (2016). Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Publications. 799.
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/abe_eng_pubs/799
Comments
This article is from Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 4159258, doi: