Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Publications
Campus Units
Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Toxicology, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Accepted Manuscript
Publication Date
5-11-2015
Journal or Book Title
Analytica Chimica Acta
Volume
873
First Page
38
Last Page
50
Research Focus Area(s)
Biological and Process Engineering and Technology
DOI
10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.062
Abstract
A new and simple method for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene (BTEX) quantification in vehicle exhaust was developed based on diffusion-controlled extraction onto a retracted solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating. The rationale was to develop a method based on existing and proven SPME technology that is feasible for field adaptation in developing countries. Passive sampling with SPME fiber retracted into the needle extracted nearly two orders of magnitude less mass (n) compared with exposed fiber (outside of needle) and sampling was in a time weighted-averaging (TWA) mode. Both the sampling time (t) and fiber retraction depth (Z) were adjusted to quantify a wider range of Cgas. Extraction and quantification is conducted in a non-equilibrium mode. Effects of Cgas, t, Z and T were tested. In addition, contribution of n extracted by metallic surfaces of needle assembly without SPME coating was studied. Effects of sample storage time on n loss was studied. Retracted TWA–SPME extractions followed the theoretical model. Extracted n of BTEX was proportional to Cgas, t, Dg, T and inversely proportional to Z. Method detection limits were 1.8, 2.7, 2.1 and 5.2 mg m−3 (0.51, 0.83, 0.66 and 1.62 ppm) for BTEX, respectively. The contribution of extraction onto metallic surfaces was reproducible and influenced by Cgas and t and less so by T and by the Z. The new method was applied to measure BTEX in the exhaust gas of a Ford Crown Victoria 1995 and compared with a whole gas and direct injection method.
Copyright Owner
Elsevier B.V.
Copyright Date
2015
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Recommended Citation
Baimatova, Nassiba; Koziel, Jacek A.; and Kenessov, Bulat, "Quantification of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene in internal combustion engine exhaust with time-weighted average solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry" (2015). Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Publications. 911.
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/abe_eng_pubs/911
Included in
Agriculture Commons, Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, Organic Chemistry Commons
Comments
This article is published as Baimatova, Nassiba, Jacek A. Koziel, and Bulat Kenessov. "Quantification of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene in internal combustion engine exhaust with time-weighted average solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry." Analytica Chimica Acta 873 (2015): 38-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.062. Posted with permission.