Publication Date
2-6-2020
Department
Ames Laboratory
Campus Units
Ames Laboratory
OSTI ID+
1600506
Report Number
IS-J 10156
DOI
10.1038/s41598-020-58598-z
Journal Title
Scientific Reports
Volume Number
10
Issue Number
1
First Page
1981
Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a method of additive manufacturing characterized by the rapid scanning of a high powered laser over a thin bed of metallic powder to create a single layer, which may then be built upon to form larger structures. Much of the melting, resolidification, and subsequent cooling take place at much higher rates and with much higher thermal gradients than in traditional metallurgical processes, with much of this occurring below the surface. We have used in situ high speed X-ray diffraction to extract subsurface cooling rates following resolidification from the melt and above the β-transus in titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. We observe an inverse relationship with laser power and bulk cooling rates. The measured cooling rates are seen to correlate to the level of residual strain borne by the minority β-Ti phase with increased strain at slower cooling rates. The α-Ti phase shows a lattice contraction which is invariant with cooling rate. We also observe a broadening of the diffraction peaks which is greater for the β-Ti phase at slower cooling rates and a change in the relative phase fraction following LPBF. These results provide a direct measure of the subsurface thermal history and demonstrate its importance to the ultimate quality of additively manufactured materials.
DOE Contract Number(s)
AC02-07CH11358; AC02-76SF00515; AC52-07NA27344
Language
en
Department of Energy Subject Categories
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Publisher
Iowa State University Digital Repository, Ames IA (United States)
