Estimation of Demand for Wheat by Classes for the United States and the European Union
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The Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) conducts innovative public policy and economic research on agricultural, environmental, and food issues. CARD uniquely combines academic excellence with engagement and anticipatory thinking to inform and benefit society.
CARD researchers develop and apply economic theory, quantitative methods, and interdisciplinary approaches to create relevant knowledge. Communication efforts target state and federal policymakers; the research community; agricultural, food, and environmental groups; individual decision-makers; and international audiences.
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In North America and Europe, wheat is a very important commodity that has been at the heart of trade disputes and policy conflicts. This study uses a dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) to estimate demand elasticities for wheat differentiated by classes, for the United States and the European Union (EU). The results suggest that in the U.S. market imported wheat is more price responsive than domestic wheat. In the EU, however, price responsiveness varies according to the quality of wheat rather than its national origin.