Campus Units
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Nanovaccine Institute
Document Type
Article
Research Focus Area
Advanced and Nanostructured Materials, Health Care Technology and Biomedical Engineering
Publication Version
Published Version
Publication Date
2-14-2020
Journal or Book Title
npj Vaccines
Volume
5
First Page
15
DOI
10.1038/s41541-020-0164-y
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) causes Johne’s disease in ruminants and is characterized by chronic gastroenteritis leading to heavy economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. The currently available vaccine (inactivated bacterin in oil base) is not effective in preventing pathogen shedding and is rarely used to control Johne’s disease in dairy herds. To develop a better vaccine that can prevent the spread of Johne’s disease, we utilized polyanhydride nanoparticles (PAN) to encapsulate mycobacterial antigens composed of whole cell lysate (PAN-Lysate) and culture filtrate (PAN-Cf) of M. paratuberculosis. These nanoparticle-based vaccines (i.e., nanovaccines) were well tolerated in mice causing no inflammatory lesions at the site of injection. Immunological assays demonstrated a substantial increase in the levels of antigen-specific T cell responses post-vaccination in the PAN-Cf vaccinated group as indicated by high percentages of triple cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α) producing CD8+ T cells. Following challenge, animals vaccinated with PAN-Cf continued to produce significant levels of double (IFN-γ, TNF-α) and single cytokine (IFN-γ) secreting CD8+ T cells compared with animals vaccinated with an inactivated vaccine. A significant reduction in bacterial load was observed in multiple organs of animals vaccinated with PAN-Cf, which is a clear indication of protection. Overall, the use of polyanhydride nanovaccines resulted in development of protective and sustained immunity against Johne’s disease, an approach that could be applied to counter other intracellular pathogens.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Copyright Owner
Springer Nature
Copyright Date
2020
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Recommended Citation
Thukral, Akanksha; Ross, Kathleen; Hansen, Chungyi; Phanse, Yashdeep; Narasimhan, Balaji; Steinberg, Howard; and Talaat, Adel M., "A single dose polyanhydride-based nanovaccine against paratuberculosis infection" (2020). Chemical and Biological Engineering Publications. 413.
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cbe_pubs/413
Included in
Biochemical and Biomolecular Engineering Commons, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Commons, Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology Commons
Comments
This article is published as Thukral, Akanksha, Kathleen Ross, Chungyi Hansen, Yashdeep Phanse, Balaji Narasimhan, Howard Steinberg, and Adel M. Talaat. "A single dose polyanhydride-based nanovaccine against paratuberculosis infection." npj Vaccines 5, (2020): 15. DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-0164-y. Posted with permission.