Research of winter farrowing techniques on four farms was conducted over two winters (2002 and 2003) for this project. All four farmers sell to Niman Ranch Pork Company of Thornton, IA. Niman Ranch Pork Company is endorsed by the Animal Welfare Institute and uses that fact in their marketing campaign. The Animal Welfare Institute has formed an acceptable protocol for pig husbandry that they endorse and Niman Ranch requires