Quantitative and Temporal Definition of the Mla Transcriptional Regulon During Barley–Powdery Mildew Interactions

Moscou, Matthew; Lauter, Nick; Caldo, Rico; Nettleton, Dan; Nettleton, Dan; Wise, Roger

Quantitative and Temporal Definition of the Mla Transcriptional Regulon During Barley–Powdery Mildew Interactions

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2011_Nettleton_QuantitativeTemporal.pdf (530.68 KB)

Date

2011-06-01

Authors

Moscou, Matthew

Lauter, Nick

Caldo, Rico

Nettleton, Dan

Wise, Roger

Authors

Person

Nettleton, Dan

Department Chair and Distinguished Professor

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Plant Pathology and Microbiology

The Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and the Department of Entomology officially merged as of September 1, 2022. The new department is known as the Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology (PPEM). The overall mission of the Department is to benefit society through research, teaching, and extension activities that improve pest management and prevent disease. Collectively, the Department consists of about 100 faculty, staff, and students who are engaged in research, teaching, and extension activities that are central to the mission of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. The Department possesses state-of-the-art research and teaching facilities in the Advanced Research and Teaching Building and in Science II. In addition, research and extension activities are performed off-campus at the Field Extension Education Laboratory, the Horticulture Station, the Agriculture Engineering/Agronomy Farm, and several Research and Demonstration Farms located around the state. Furthermore, the Department houses the Plant and Insect Diagnostic Clinic, the Iowa Soybean Research Center, the Insect Zoo, and BugGuide. Several USDA-ARS scientists are also affiliated with the Department.

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Statistics

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Bioinformatics and Computational Biology

The Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (BCB) Program at Iowa State University is an interdepartmental graduate major offering outstanding opportunities for graduate study toward the Ph.D. degree in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. The BCB program involves more than 80 nationally and internationally known faculty—biologists, computer scientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and physicists—who participate in a wide range of collaborative projects.

Department

Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyStatisticsBioinformatics and Computational Biology

Abstract

Barley Mildew resistance locus a (Mla) is a major determinant of immunity to the powdery mildew pathogen, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Alleles of Mla encode cytoplasmic- and membrane-localized coiled-coil, nucleotide binding site, leucine-rich repeat proteins that mediate resistance when complementary avirulence effectors (AVRa) are present in the pathogen. Presence of an appropriate AVRa protein triggers nuclear relocalization of MLA, in which MLA binds repressing host transcription factors. Timecourse expression profiles of plants harboring Mla1, Mla6, and Mla12 wild-type alleles versus paired loss-of-function mutants were compared to discover conserved transcriptional targets of MLA and downstream signaling cascades. Pathogen-dependent gene expression was equivalent or stronger in susceptible plants at 20 h after inoculation (HAI) and was attenuated at later timepoints, whereas resistant plants exhibited a time-dependent strengthening of the transcriptional response, increasing in both fold change and the number of genes differentially expressed. Deregulation at 20 HAI implicated 16 HAI as a crucial point in determining the future trajectory of this interaction and was interrogated by quantitative analysis. In total, 28 potential transcriptional targets of the MLA regulon were identified. These candidate targets possess a diverse set of predicted functions, suggesting that multiple pathways are required to mediate the hypersensitive reaction.

Comments

This article is published as Moscou, Matthew J., Nick Lauter, Rico A. Caldo, Dan Nettleton, and Roger P. Wise. "Quantitative and temporal definition of the Mla transcriptional regulon during barley–powdery mildew interactions." Molecular plant-microbe interactions 24, no. 6 (2011): 694-705. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-09-10-0211.