Ultrasonic Interrogation of Polycrystalline Materials
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Begun in 1973, the Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation (QNDE) is the premier international NDE meeting designed to provide an interface between research and early engineering through the presentation of current ideas and results focused on facilitating a rapid transfer to engineering development.
This site provides free, public access to papers presented at the annual QNDE conference between 1983 and 1999, and abstracts for papers presented at the conference since 2001.
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Abstract
It is accepted that the same features of microstructure that dominate α, attenuation of ultrasonic waves also determine mechanical properties of industrial materials. For example, in polycrystalline metals the grain size greatly influences both ultrasonic attenuation [1–4] and material strength, ductility, toughness and formability [5]. Since ultrasonic inspection is less expensive than the destructive tests required to assess mechanical properties many analytical and experimental studies have been directed at establishing whether and how features of microstructure may be inferred from ultrasonic inspection data. One significant contribution to attenuation in polycrystalline materials is scattering by the grains [1,2] and precipitates [6]. This results from interaction with material defects comparable to one wavelength λ in size, such as grain boundaries. Scattering depends on size, shape, orientation and anisotropy of the grains, and the structure, thickness and chemistry of their boundaries. The standard assumptions used when modeling grain scattering are that the discontinuity of the grain boundary is of elastic nature; an individual grain scatterer has a simple shape with the mean grain size D; the grains are randomly located and randomly oriented; the number of grains is large; and the scatter from individual grains is not coherent.