While Schistosome or nematode infections rarely result in major morbidity or death, chronic infections often have insidious consequences. A long-term infection of the major soil transmitted helminths (roundworm, whipworm, and hookworm) can seriously impede a child’s growth and cognitive development. Schistosome infections can last up to 10 years, resulting in infertility, cancer, and increased risk of HIV transmission. Filarial infections impair the lymphatic system and can cause lymphedema or elephantiasis. These infections disproportionally burden areas of extreme poverty because they tend to lack adequate access to clean water and sanitation. Interventional strategies, such as mass drug administration, are important measures to continue, but do little to prevent re-infection.