Complex well developed and established Anonymity systems lack Accountability. These systems offer unconditional anonymity to their users which can stimulate abusive behavior.

Controlling abuse should be equally important as protecting the anonymity of legitimate users when designing anonymous applications. Current anonymity systems are promoted to family

and friends, businesses, activists and the media. However, these same systems could potentially be used for: sending offensive email, spam, copyrighted material, cyber warfare, child pornography,

pedophiles chatting with kids online or any other illegal activity performed on the Internet. Freedom of speech and the First Amendment allows people to express their opinions and choose any anonymity service and by no means will people be forced to use this system. In this thesis, a model that allows an anonymous yet accountable method of communication on the Internet is introduced. The design and implementation is based on a new proxy-re-encryption scheme and a modifed onion routing scheme. Techniques for Accountable Anonymity are demonstrated by building a lightweight prototype. In this system, users are registered in the system's database in order to use it. In this research, the total network latency is signifcantly smaller when sending data over the network compared to The onion router (Tor) system which makes it deployable to use at a larger scale system. Also, the Accountable Anonymity system's digital forensic mode makes it easier to track the perpetrators.