Joint contact loading in forefoot and rearfoot strike patterns during running

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2011-01-01
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Rooney, Brandon
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Timothy R. Derrick
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Kinesiology
The Department of Kinesiology seeks to provide an ample knowledge of physical activity and active living to students both within and outside of the program; by providing knowledge of the role of movement and physical activity throughout the lifespan, it seeks to improve the lives of all members of the community. Its options for students enrolled in the department include: Athletic Training; Community and Public Health; Exercise Sciences; Pre-Health Professions; and Physical Education Teacher Licensure. The Department of Physical Education was founded in 1974 from the merger of the Department of Physical Education for Men and the Department of Physical Education for Women. In 1981 its name changed to the Department of Physical Education and Leisure Studies. In 1993 its name changed to the Department of Health and Human Performance. In 2007 its name changed to the Department of Kinesiology. Dates of Existence: 1974-present. Historical Names: Department of Physical Education (1974-1981), Department of Physical Education and Leisure Studies (1981-1993), Department of Health and Human Performance (1993-2007). Related Units: College of Human Sciences (parent college), College of Education (parent college, 1974 - 2005), Department of Physical Education for Women (predecessor) Department of Physical Education for Men
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Abstract

Research concerning forefoot strike pattern (FFS) versus rearfoot strike pattern (RFS) during running has focused on the ground reaction force. The main purpose of this study was to determine the internal loading of the joints for each strike pattern. A secondary purpose was to determine if a converted runner can adequately represent the habitual population for both FFS and RFS. Using inverse dynamics to calculate the net joint moments and reaction forces, and optimization techniques to estimate muscle forces we determined the axial compressive load and rate of loading at the ankle, knee, and hip. Effect sizes (ES) were used to categorize comparisons into small (ES>0.2), medium (ES>0.5) and large (ES>0.8) effects. Subjects consisted of 15 habitual FFS and 15 habitual RFS competitive runners. Each subject ran with their habitual strike pattern and then converted to the opposite strike pattern. Converting to a FFS pattern had the opposite effect of converting to a RFS pattern at the knee and hip. Converted FFS runners had decreased knee (ES=0.98) and hip (ES=1.23) contact forces while converted RFS runners had increased knee (ES=0.77) and hip (ES=0.71) contact forces. Habitual FFS runners had higher contact forces at the ankle (ES=0.51) and hip (ES=0.81) compared to habitual RFS runners. The habitual FFS runners also demonstrated a substantially larger compressive load at the ankle and knee during the first 40% of stance. This could be important when considering the high number of cyclical loads experienced by these runners.

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Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2011