A long-term study was initiated in 1994 to evaluate phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizer rates and placement methods for corn and soybeans managed with no-till and chisel-plow tillage. No-till management resulted in little or no incorporation of residue and fertilizer into the soil. Broadcast fertilization has generally been inefficient with no-till because both nutrients accumulate near the soil surface. Subsurface banding of P and K fertilizers, however, can be more effective.