Phytophthora root rot is an old disease familiar to Iowa soybean growers.· The disease caused severe damage in the 60s and 70s in Iowa. Major damage by this disease is through stand reduction as a result of damping-off. The disease has been considered a major disease in soybean production. A major effort in disease management has been to breed resistance to this disease. Not until recently has the wide use of resistant varieties put this disease under control, exemplified by the lack of severe outbreaks. However, this situation could change as Phytophthora races shift and agricultural production practices change, such as the use of conservation tillage. Conservation tillage is often followed by an increase in certain diseases. This article will discuss 1) the possibility of race shifts for Phytophthora populations; 2) the effects of soil types and tillage on disease occurrence; and 3) the management options for this disease.