The increased incidence of infectious rhinotracheitis, red nose or rhinitis 'is rapidly becoming a condition of major concern to the practicing veterinarian in a feeding area. It is primarily a respiratory infection involving the nasal passages, the larynx, and the trachea, with occasional extension into the bronchi. It was first observed to veterinarians in this northeast Nebraska area in the early 1950s. At that time the disease had not been identified and was considered to be an influenza-like condition which, due to the dusty yards, later developed into a diphtheria-pneumonia-like condition. In the fall of 1954 the incidence of this condition increased and its onset became more explosive, resulting in much more loss of gain and, in some instances, loss of cattle.