The current study examined psychological and family health predictors of change over time in household income, using data from longitudinal studies of African American (N = 889, 93.5% female) and Mexican origin (N = 674, 100% female) families. Participants self-reported their household income, as well as their emotional, personality, and cognitive resources. Participant behavioral and physical resources were coded from observed family interactions. Although income did not predict change in any personal resources, all five classes of personal resources (i.e., emotional, personality, cognitive, behavioral, physical) predicted change in income across a 10-year span (Study 1) and a 6-year span (Study 2). Income is potentially caused by these personal resources, or both income and these personal resources share a common cause. The dominant approach of assuming income causes personal and family health needs stronger support.