Transport processes of heat, water, and chemicals in soils are very important for managing the root zone for maximum crop production and controlling soil and water quality for minimum degradation and pollution. New and simple analytical or approximate solutions to the corresponding transport problems are presented in this research. Analytical or approximate solutions are further manipulated to estimate the corresponding transport properties. An analytical solution to coupled conduction and convection heat transfer problem under field conditions is obtained by Fourier transformation. The analytical solution can predict field observations of infiltration and temperature well. Three new methods for estimating transport properties in soils are developed in this study. They are: soil water diffusivity determination by general similarity, soil hydraulic property estimation by integral method, and solute transport parameter estimation by boundary layer theory. The general similarity method for water diffusivity determination only requires measuring advance of wetting front with time. The general similarity diffusivities for five soils compare well to those determined by Boltzmann transformation. The integral method estimates soil water characteristic curve and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity simultaneously. The estimated hydraulic properties for six soils ranging from sandy loam to clay loam by the integral method are in good agreement with independently determined values. A boundary layer method for estimating dispersion coefficient and retardation factor is developed. The boundary layer method is applicable both to soil columns and field soils. All of the methods developed in this dissertation present simplifications in application and they are less time consuming than current methods.