Fault slip velocities inferred from the spectra of ground motion
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The Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences offers majors in three areas: Geology (traditional, environmental, or hydrogeology, for work as a surveyor or in mineral exploration), Meteorology (studies in global atmosphere, weather technology, and modeling for work as a meteorologist), and Earth Sciences (interdisciplinary mixture of geology, meteorology, and other natural sciences, with option of teacher-licensure).
History
The Department of Geology and Mining was founded in 1898. In 1902 its name changed to the Department of Geology. In 1965 its name changed to the Department of Earth Science. In 1977 its name changed to the Department of Earth Sciences. In 1989 its name changed to the Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences.
Dates of Existence
1898-present
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- Department of Geology and Mining (1898-1902)
- Department of Geology (1902-1965)
- Department of Earth Science (1965-1977)
- Department of Earth Sciences (1977-1989)
Related Units
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (parent college)
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Abstract
Better understanding of earthquake-source properties is an important goal in seismology. Dynamic fault theories and practices of ground-motion prediction need independent information about source characteristics obtained directly from recorded data.;The maximum slip velocity on a rupturing fault is the parameter that controls the strength of an earthquake's high-frequency radiation and the properties of its Fourier spectra. We therefore have tested an empirical method for determining the peak slip velocities for a number of well-recorded earthquakes using such spectral information.;High-quality ground-motion data from small-to-moderate earthquakes in Japan were collected, and Fourier transforms of the accelerograms were computed for both horizontal and vertical components of the data. Regional parameters (site effects and path effects) that distort the true source spectra were investigated and separated from the recorded spectra. The obtained source terms following the classic "o2" spectral model were used to determine the corner frequency that carries the information about the fault's maximum velocity.;The results indicate that the maximum slip velocity of the selected Japanese earthquakes ranged from approximately 0.2 to 0.6 m/sec. Direct observation-based slip velocity determinations provide valuable physical information about earthquakes that can be used for constraining dynamics theories of faulting or in ground-motion prediction.