Impact attenuation in older adults

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2006-01-01
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Johnston, Allison
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Kinesiology
The Department of Kinesiology seeks to provide an ample knowledge of physical activity and active living to students both within and outside of the program; by providing knowledge of the role of movement and physical activity throughout the lifespan, it seeks to improve the lives of all members of the community. Its options for students enrolled in the department include: Athletic Training; Community and Public Health; Exercise Sciences; Pre-Health Professions; and Physical Education Teacher Licensure. The Department of Physical Education was founded in 1974 from the merger of the Department of Physical Education for Men and the Department of Physical Education for Women. In 1981 its name changed to the Department of Physical Education and Leisure Studies. In 1993 its name changed to the Department of Health and Human Performance. In 2007 its name changed to the Department of Kinesiology. Dates of Existence: 1974-present. Historical Names: Department of Physical Education (1974-1981), Department of Physical Education and Leisure Studies (1981-1993), Department of Health and Human Performance (1993-2007). Related Units: College of Human Sciences (parent college), College of Education (parent college, 1974 - 2005), Department of Physical Education for Women (predecessor) Department of Physical Education for Men
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Abstract

Introduction: Running is a common fitness activity that is enjoyed by many older adults. Little research has been done concerning the older adult runner and research into factors that contribute to injury including impact attenuation is important. The purpose of this research was to determine if differences in impact attenuation exist between young and older adult runners. Methods: Young adult (n=8; age: 24.5±3.6 yrs.) and older adult (n=8; age: 68.9±6.3 yrs) runners ran at both a self-selected and a controlled speed of 3.3m/s. An electrogoniometer was used to measure knee angle and accelerometers attached to the head and leg measured accelerations and impact attenuation at a frequency of 1000Hz. Results: Spectral analysis revealed increased leg power and increased head power in the young adult runners. Transfer functions were similar between groups. Impact attenuation was higher for the older adult group in both the preferred and controlled running speed conditions. In the preferred running speed condition young adults ran at a faster speed, exhibited higher peak leg and peak head accelerations, more excursion flexion and contact angle flexion when compared with the older adult group. Peak head and leg acceleration and excursion flexion were also larger in the controlled running speed condition for the young adult group. Discussion: Preferred running speed appears to contribute to altered power spectra and segment acceleration in the older adults. However, other factors requiring further inquiry, contribute even in controlled speed conditions. Leg and head power spectra are altered in older runners with resulting attenuation similar between the two age groups. It appears that maintaining a stable visual field may be a larger priority in the older adult runner.

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Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2006