Convergence and divergence of values in a more global world: evidence from the 1981 and 1990 World Values Surveys
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Abstract
The study of globalization has captured the attention of scholars from nearly every field. The potential impact on the social system and cultural values of a more interdependent world is an important aspect of this attention. This thesis considers the possible effects of globalization in encouraging the development of a system of similar values and beliefs. Specifically, the evidence of convergence and divergence in values relating to economics family, politics and morality is explored using the 1981 and 1990 World Values Surveys and include an analysis of data from twenty different nations exhibiting varying degrees of economic and political development. The author finds that many values did not change significantly from 1981 to 1990. This illustrates the stability of values. However, there is some evidence of convergence in marriage and family values, but of divergence in political and moral-based beliefs. Additionally the results suggest some economic values may be becoming more similar, while others remain quite distinct. Further, important differences exist in the results of the individual and aggregate-level analyzes, suggesting that national identities may have an impact on global value change. Finally, the implications for future international relationships, public policy, and future research questions are discussed.