In Part I of this thesis, Mossbauer effect spectroscopy has been used to measure the temperature dependence of the ('57)Fe effective magnetic hyperfine field, H(,eff), and isomer shift, (delta), across the entire Fe(,3)Al(,x)Si(,1-x) system (0 (LESSTHEQ) x (LESSTHEQ) 1) from77K to the Curie temperature, the latter also being determined from these measurements. The observed dependence of H(,eff) and (delta) on Al concentration can be qualitatively understood in terms of the calculated band structure of Fe(,3)Si.;('57)Fe Mossbauer spectra have been obtained at both liquid nitrogen and room temperatures for a series of metallic glasses Fe(,82)B(,18-x)Be(,x) with 0 (LESSTHEQ) x (LESSTHEQ) 6 in Part II. The width of the probability distribution function of the effective magnetic hyperfine field remains approximately constant at a value of 80 kOe for all samples. However, the most probable value of the effective magnetic hyperfine field at liquid nitrogen temperature initially increases with Be content, but starts to decrease as x exceeds four. The isomer shift has a value of -0.032 mm/sec for samples with x (LESSTHEQ) 4 but changes to -0.050 mm/sec for samples with x > 4. The crystallization products obtained upon annealing the samples were identified.;In the last part of this thesis, Mossbauer spectroscopy coupled with electrochemical measurements has been used to study in situ the effects of chloride ions on a passivated iron surface in boric acid-sodium borate buffer solution at a pH of 8.4. The Mossbauer spectrum of the oxide film formed after breakdown of the passive film by aggressive chloride ions consists of a doublet with line-width of 0.51 (+OR-) 0.03 mm/sec, isomer shift of 0.35 (+OR-) 0.02 mm/sec relative to the metallic iron, and quadrupole splitting of 0.79 (+OR-) 0.01 mm/sec. The quadrupole splitting differs from that of the passive film which has line-widths of 0.55 (+OR-) 0.08 mm/sec, an isomer shift of 0.36 (+OR-) 0.01 mm/sec, and a quadrupole splitting of 0.94 (+OR-) 0.06 mm/sec. However, the parameters are essentially the same as those of the dried passive film and correlate well with those of superparamagnetic (gamma)-Fe(,2)O(,3). The introduction of chloride ions appear to stabilize the formation of (gamma)-Fe(,2)O(,3) and to exclude the incorporation of water and the formation of di-oxy or di-hydroxy bridging bonds.