The influence of cultural practice, biology and environment on maize pollen travel

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2004-01-01
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Ireland, Dale
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Mark E. Westgate
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Agronomy

The Department of Agronomy seeks to teach the study of the farm-field, its crops, and its science and management. It originally consisted of three sub-departments to do this: Soils, Farm-Crops, and Agricultural Engineering (which became its own department in 1907). Today, the department teaches crop sciences and breeding, soil sciences, meteorology, agroecology, and biotechnology.

History
The Department of Agronomy was formed in 1902. From 1917 to 1935 it was known as the Department of Farm Crops and Soils.

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1902–present

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  • Department of Farm Crops and Soils (1917–1935)

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Agronomy
Abstract

Genetically modified agricultural field crops have provided a new lens with which to view transgenic plant engineering. Production of hybrid corn (Zea mays L) depends on cross-pollination between male and female inbred parents. As such, reproductive isolation of seed fields is required to ensure genetic purity of the hybrid progeny. Customer demand for improved genetic purity prompted the seed industry to examine the level of genetic purity resulting from current isolation practices. This project was a two-pronged approach: (1) A three-year study was conducted to monitor purity of hybrid seed produced in 291 fields from 24 seed companies in North America; and (2) Evaluate a particulate model to determine whether it could be used to run multiple different seed production scenarios involving meteorological, positional and biological data to evaluate these dynamic elements on the production of genetically pure seed maize. Industry practices that most consistently contributed to high levels of genetic purity were (i) use of 'Good' or 'Fair' pollen parents, (ii) isolation greater than 165 ft from all potential adventitious pollen sources, (iii) and large (>100 ac) seed field size. The modeling study produced evidence that models may be especially valuable for evaluating multiple "what if" seed production scenarios involving adventitious pollen movement. However, the ISCST3 model is effective estimating gross extra-field pollen movement, but lacks the precision to quantify absolute extra-field pollen quantities needed to accurately estimate seed field adventitious presence. The learnings from this project advance what the seed maize industry knows regarding seed field isolation practices and provides a solid base for further investigation applying models to assessing risk of adventitious presence within seed production.

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Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2004