Solute clustering in supersaturated solutions

Thumbnail Image
Date
1992
Authors
Lumba, Deepak
Major Professor
Advisor
Maurice A. Larson
Glenn L. Schrader
Committee Member
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Altmetrics
Authors
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Organizational Unit
Chemical and Biological Engineering

The function of the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering has been to prepare students for the study and application of chemistry in industry. This focus has included preparation for employment in various industries as well as the development, design, and operation of equipment and processes within industry.Through the CBE Department, Iowa State University is nationally recognized for its initiatives in bioinformatics, biomaterials, bioproducts, metabolic/tissue engineering, multiphase computational fluid dynamics, advanced polymeric materials and nanostructured materials.

History
The Department of Chemical Engineering was founded in 1913 under the Department of Physics and Illuminating Engineering. From 1915 to 1931 it was jointly administered by the Divisions of Industrial Science and Engineering, and from 1931 onward it has been under the Division/College of Engineering. In 1928 it merged with Mining Engineering, and from 1973–1979 it merged with Nuclear Engineering. It became Chemical and Biological Engineering in 2005.

Dates of Existence
1913 - present

Historical Names

  • Department of Chemical Engineering (1913–1928)
  • Department of Chemical and Mining Engineering (1928–1957)
  • Department of Chemical Engineering (1957–1973, 1979–2005)
    • Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (2005–present)

    Related Units

Journal Issue
Is Version Of
Versions
Series
Department
Chemical and Biological Engineering
Abstract

The phenomenon of solute clustering in aqueous solutions of ammonium paramolybdate has been characterized using the following experimental techniques: laser Raman spectroscopy, concentration gradient studies, and multi-angle light scattering. Additionally, light scattering techniques have been developed to investigate the occurrence of solute clustering in concentrated and supersaturated solutions;The results of these experimental techniques indicate that solute clustering occurs in undersaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions of ammonium paramolybdate. The age of the solutions does not affect the degree of clustering in these solutions. The size of solute clusters increases with supersaturation and the degree of clustering increases at the saturation temperature. The clusters are not expected to have a crystalline structure. Clusters of size 12 nm (from concentration gradient experiments) and 142 nm (from light scattering experiments) were estimated in molybdate solutions. However, until the amount of solute existing as clusters can be clearly defined, a definitive measurement of cluster-size cannot be achieved;A model explaining the state of the solute in concentrated and supersaturated solutions is proposed. This model considers the phenomenon of nucleation from solution as a two-step process. In the first step, large solute clusters in solution would nucleate in their interior. This would be followed by the rapid crystallization of the whole cluster because of its high supersaturation relative to the molten state (the second step);Light scattering techniques have been successfully developed to investigate the phenomenon of solute clustering in concentrated and supersaturated solutions. A unique light scattering work station was designed and acquired and special light scattering sample cells constructed. Experimental techniques have also been developed to conduct in situ light scattering experiments with vertical columns of concentrated and supersaturated solutions.

Comments
Description
Keywords
Citation
Source
Subject Categories
Copyright
Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1992