Title
Surveillance for respiratory and diarrheal pathogens at the human-pig interface in Sarawak, Malaysia
Campus Units
Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Published Version
Publication Date
7-27-2018
Journal or Book Title
PLoS ONE
Volume
13
Issue
7
First Page
e0201295
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0201295
Abstract
Background The large livestock operations and dense human population of Southeast Asia are considered a hot-spot for emerging viruses.
Objectives To determine if the pathogens adenovirus (ADV), coronavirus (CoV), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), enterovirus (EV), influenza A-D (IAV, IBV, ICV, and IDV), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), and porcine rotaviruses A and C (RVA and RVC), are aerosolized at the animal-interface, and if humans working in these environments are carrying these viruses in their nasal airways.
Study This cross-sectional study took place in Sarawak, Malaysia among 11 pig farms, 2 abattoirs, and 3 animal markets in June and July of 2017. Pig feces, pig oral secretions, bioaerosols, and worker nasal wash samples were collected and analyzed via rPCR and rRT-PCR for respiratory and diarrheal viruses.
Results In all, 55 pig fecal, 49 pig oral or water, 45 bioaerosol, and 78 worker nasal wash samples were collected across 16 sites. PCV2 was detected in 21 pig fecal, 43 pig oral or water, 3 bioaerosol, and 4 worker nasal wash samples. In addition, one or more bioaerosol or pig samples were positive for EV, IAV, and RVC, and one or more worker samples were positive for ADV, CoV, IBV, and IDV.
Conclusions This study demonstrates that nucleic acids from a number of targeted viruses were present in pig oral secretions and pig fecal samples, and that several viruses were detected in bioaerosol samples or in the nasal passages of humans with occupational exposure to pigs. These results demonstrate the need for future research in strengthening viral surveillance at the human-animal interface, specifically through expanded bioaerosol sampling efforts and a seroepidemiological study of individuals with exposure to pigs in this region for PCV2 infection.
Rights
Works produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted.
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Recommended Citation
Borkenhagen, Laura K.; Mallinson, Kerry A.; Tsao, Rick W.; Ha, Siaw-Jing; Lim, Wei-Honn; Toh, Teck-Hock; Anderson, Benjamin D.; Fieldhouse, Jane K.; Philo, Sarah E.; Chong, Kuek-Sen; Lindsley, William G.; Ramirez, Alejandro; Lowe, James F.; Coleman, Kristen K.; and Gray, Gregory C., "Surveillance for respiratory and diarrheal pathogens at the human-pig interface in Sarawak, Malaysia" (2018). Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Publications. 122.
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/vdpam_pubs/122
Included in
Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons, Meat Science Commons, Veterinary Infectious Diseases Commons
Comments
This article is published as Borkenhagen, Laura K., Kerry A. Mallinson, Rick W. Tsao, Siaw-Jing Ha, Wei-Honn Lim, Teck-Hock Toh, Benjamin D. Anderson, Jane K. Fieldhouse, Sarah E. Philo, Kuek-Sen Chong, William G. Lindsley, Alejandro Ramirez, James F. Lowe, Kristen K. Coleman, and Gregory C. Gray. "Surveillance for respiratory and diarrheal pathogens at the human-pig interface in Sarawak, Malaysia." PloS ONE 13, no. 7 (2018): e0201295. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201295.